筆譯翻譯的技巧有什么?

　　筆譯翻譯是非常常見的一種翻譯方式，由于語言的不同，進行翻譯的時候需要注意一些技巧，下面圖書翻譯公司給大家說說筆譯翻譯的技巧有什么?

　　Translation is a very common way of translation. Due to the different languages, we need to pay attention to some skills in translation. What are the skills of translation?

　　一、增譯主語

　　1. Additional Subject Translation

　　由于英文的表達習慣，常常會用一些抽象名詞作為主語，而中文的表達習慣則是需要把抽象變為具體;英文中常常會為了避免重復而多使用介詞，中文則不怕重復，一個詞往往會用上好幾遍;英語中的復數名詞翻譯為漢語時，常常加入這些、各種、種種等，要視具體的語境情況而定。

　　Because of the expressive habits of English, some abstract nouns are often used as the subject, while the expressive habits of Chinese need to turn abstraction into concrete. In English, prepositions are often used to avoid repetition, while Chinese is not afraid of repetition, and a word is often used several times. When plural nouns are translated into Chinese, these, various, and other items are often added to the English translation. The context of aspect depends.

　　二、增譯謂語

　　2. Additional Translation of Predicates

　　英語中出現兩個或多個相同的謂語時，常常會被省略，以使句子顯得不那么贅余。而在中文里則要譯出來，使其表達更加的地道;英文中的介詞短語譯為中文時往往是需要增譯動詞的;有些英語中的名詞在譯為中文時要加入相應的動詞，使其含義更加的完整，表達更加的明確。

　　When two or more identical predicates appear in English, they are often omitted to make sentences less redundant. In Chinese, it is necessary to translate prepositional phrases to make them more authentic; English prepositional phrases are often translated into Chinese with additional verbs; some English nouns are translated into Chinese with corresponding verbs to make their meanings more complete and express more clearly.

　　三、時間狀語

　　3. Adverbial of Time

　　時間狀語常常可以直接翻譯，一般譯到主句前。

　　Adverbials of time can often be translated directly, usually before the main sentence.

　　有的時間狀語從句的引導詞除了表示時間以外，還會附帶條件性，所以在翻譯的時候要譯出條件關系。

　　Some introductory words of adverbial clauses of time not only express time, but also attach conditionality, so conditional relations should be translated in translation.

　　四、原因狀語

　　4. Adverbial of Reason

　　英語中的狀語位置比較靈活，既可以放在主句前也可以置于主句后，而中文表達常常需要遵循“前因后果”的順序，所以在翻譯的時候也要注意調整好語序。

　　Adverbial positions in English are flexible, which can be placed before or after the main sentence. Chinese expressions often follow the order of "antecedents and consequences", so we should pay attention to adjusting the word order when translating.

　　但上面所述的情況也不是絕對的，原因狀語也可以放在主句后，這樣也能對應漢語中的結構“之所以……是因為”。

　　But the situation mentioned above is not absolute either. The adverbial of cause can also be placed after the main sentence, which can also correspond to the structure of "Why..." Because.

　　五、目的狀語

　　5. Target Adverbial

　　總的來說，目的狀語要放在主句前翻譯，把說明情況的主句放在后面。

　　Generally speaking, the target adverbial should be translated before the main sentence, and the subject sentence explaining the situation should be put behind.

　　目的狀語也可翻譯在主句的后邊，表示以免、以防、使得、生怕等等。

　　The target adverbial can also be translated at the back of the main sentence to indicate avoidance, prevention, making, fear and so on.

　　六、譯成漢語的主動句

　　6. Active Sentences Translated into Chinese

　　一般被動句的主語是無生命的主語，翻譯時常常要將原文的主語譯為漢語中的主語。

　　The subject of a passive sentence is an inanimate subject. In translation, the subject of the original text is often translated into the subject of Chinese.

　　主語賓語顛倒位置

　　Subject-object inversion

　　一般英語中，當動作主體的詞前加上by時或由介詞短語構成時，在譯文中by后邊的動作主體詞或該介詞短語中的名詞就要充當主語，賓語則是由原文中的主語充當。

　　In general English, when the subject of an action is preceded by a by or is composed of prepositional phrases, the subject of the action or the noun in the prepositional phrase behind by in the translated text will act as the subject, while the object will be acted as the subject in the original text.

　　增加主語

　　Increasing Subject

　　一些被動句在譯為主動句時要增加一些主語，比如我們、人們、大家等等。

　　When some passive sentences are translated into active sentences, some subjects should be added, such as us, people, everybody and so on.

　　七、譯成漢語中的無主句

　　7. Translating Non-Subject Sentences into Chinese

　　漢語無主句較多，這與我們的思維方式以及說話表達習慣等因素有關。很多情況下，我們和處于同一背景生長環境下的人聊天，都不需要說主語的，但對方卻能理解你的意思。

　　There are many non-subject sentences in Chinese, which are related to our thinking mode and speaking habits. In many cases, we don't need to speak the subject when we chat with people who are growing up in the same background, but the other side can understand what you mean.

　　八、譯成被動句

　　8. Translating into Passive Sentences

　　并不是所有英文中的被動句都能譯為中文的主動句。當一些被動句著重在強調被動意義時，突出的應該是被動的動作，那么這種情況下仍然要譯為被動句。在漢語中，要用這些詞來表示被動意義，比如：被、受、遭、讓、給、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、為……所、由……來”等等。

　　Not all English passive sentences can be translated into Chinese active sentences. When some passive sentences emphasize the passive meaning, the prominent action should be the passive action. In this case, they still need to be translated into passive sentences. In Chinese, we should use these words to express passive meanings, such as being, receiving, suffering, giving, giving, giving, giving, getting, receiving, giving, getting, getting, doing, getting, doing, doing, etc. So, by... Come and wait.

中譯國際翻譯（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.